My bird is always in his cage when we are out of the house (espeically now that he's flighted, he could get into a lot of trouble rather quickly). Now that he flies he's also always in his cage when we're cooking, just in case
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Other than that if I'm home he's usually out with me. When he's out we're either training, playing/cuddling, or he's hanging out on his play perch. I do put him in his cage every few hours, just like people I find that parrots enjoy having some 'down time' to themselves.
This routine changes depending on the dogs we have in the house. The first day or so of having a new foster dog he will be in his cage any time the new dog is out. Also if there's something else going on that might be dangerous for him, like if we have company over and there's people coming in and out of the house a lot he'll be in his cage just to make sure he's safe.